BMJ

Methods matter: instrumental variable analysis may be a complementary approach to intention-to-treat analysis and as treated analysis when analysing data from sports injury trials

Imagine a sports injury researcher claiming: ‘the effect of the injury prevention programme we reported in the trial is unbiased because we analysed according to the intention-to-treat principle’ (ITT ...
ascopubs.org

Use of Instrumental Variable Analyses for Evaluating Comparative Effectiveness in Empirical Applications of Oncology: A Systematic Review

Results of Phase III Randomized Trial for Use of Docetaxel as a Radiosensitizer in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer, Unsuitable for Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiation Sixty-five empirical papers were ...
The American Journal of Managed Care

The Relationship Between Preventive Dental Care and Overall Medical Expenditures

Using an instrumental variable approach, this study is the first to present causal estimates of the effect of preventive dental visits on overall medical expenditures. Objectives: To examine the ...
Nature

Challenge in interpretation of Mendelian randomization studies using lactase persistence as instrumental variable

In a recent publication, Yang et al. 1 investigated the association between intake of milk and chronic disease outcomes in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. No clear association was ...