A previous Design Idea describes a circuit that uses an astable multivibrator to drive an LED (Reference 1). The circuit in Figure 1 uses a simpler alternative approach. The circuit uses a 2N3904 NPN ...

On a physical level, a transistor’s internal functioning is very complex, but, in practice, using it in some simple experiments is quite easy and affordable for everyone. A transistor allows to create ...

OK, so I have an old project laptop with an IDE/PATA/slim-ATAPI optical drive bay, into which I have inserted a SATA drive caddy with a bridge board. The thing is, the caddy doesn't transfer the drive ...

[Eric Wasatonic] had a box of SWB2433 transistors that he had very little information about. In order to discover their properties, he fired up his curve tracer to compare these transistors with more ...

Avoid unexpected shutdowns in your 9-V-powered projects with this simple low-battery indicator circuit. It uses just a ...

This idea describes a white- LED (WLED) driver circuit controlled by a simple ambient light sensor (ALS). A typical application would be a brightness control for cell-phone backlighting. On a very ...